Amid pressure in ties, Xi and Biden head to summit in San Francisco
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Present occasions of nationwide and worldwide significance.
Mains Examination: Common Research II: Bilateral, regional and world groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story- Chinese language President Xi Jinping left for the US on Tuesday for a “assembly of nice significance” together with his American counterpart Joe Biden on Wednesday, amidst frosty ties between the 2 largest world economies. The Biden-Xi bilateral will happen on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Financial Cooperation (APEC) summit, which the US is internet hosting in San Francisco from November 11 to 17. Will probably be their second face-to-face assembly in a yr. Biden and Xi final held an in-person assembly on the margins of the G20 Summit on November 14 in Bali, Indonesia.
• What’s Asia-Pacific Financial Cooperation (APEC)?
• Origin and Growth of Asia-Pacific Financial Cooperation (APEC)-Know in particulars
• Do You Know-APEC is a regional financial discussion board that was established in 1989. Its said intention was to “leverage the rising interdependence of the Asia-Pacific and create higher prosperity for the individuals of the area by regional financial integration”. Notably, many East Asian international locations had recorded growing development charges within the ’80s and the last decade previous the formation of the discussion board.
The 21 members of APEC are termed “economies” (relatively than international locations or member states) as a result of commerce and financial points are the main target of the grouping. In a mirrored image of the concept, Taiwan and Hong Kong attend APEC conferences as distinct entities, though China says they’re components of China and never unbiased entities.
The APEC economies are Australia, Brunei, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Hong Kong (as a part of China), the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, Chinese language Taipei (Taiwan), China, Japan, South Korea, Russia, Canada, america, Mexico, Peru, and Chile – as positioned geographically across the Pacific Ocean.
• Map Work-APEC Member Nations
• What function has it performed through the years?
• Why is India not part of the APEC grouping?
• Why India has not received membership in APEC?
• Why APEC wants India?
• For Your Data-The grouping has at all times championed free commerce, the reducing of commerce tariffs, and financial liberalisation. In keeping with the US State Division, “Throughout its first 5 years of operation, APEC established its core aims. Within the 1991 Seoul Declaration, APEC member economies proclaimed the creation of a liberalized free commerce space across the Pacific Rim because the precept goal of the group.”
An article by specialists on the assume tank Middle for Strategic and Worldwide Research (CSIS), famous, “The dynamic development attributable to APEC initiatives contributed considerably to the event of a rising center class within the creating Asia-Pacific area. APEC economies’ 2.9 billion residents make up roughly 60 p.c of world GDP. As of 2018, they represented 48 p.c of world commerce.”
India has expressed curiosity in becoming a member of APEC, and made a proper request in 1991 – the yr wherein the Union authorities ushered in financial reforms for liberalisation and globalisation. In 2016, then Union Minister for Commerce and Business Nirmala Sitharaman advised Parliament that the request to hitch was primarily based on India’s geographical location, the potential dimension of the financial system, and diploma of commerce interplay with the Asia-Pacific.
The response famous that APEC has had an off-the-cuff moratorium on increasing membership for a few years now. That is although the US-India Joint Strategic Imaginative and prescient for the Asia-Pacific and Indian Ocean Area issued in 2015 states that “The US welcomes India’s curiosity in becoming a member of the Asia Pacific Financial Cooperation discussion board, because the Indian financial system is a dynamic a part of the Asian financial system.”
• What’s the intention of the APEC summit this yr?
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FRONT PAGE
After states protest, NMC suspends determination on capping MBBS seats
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Financial and Social Growth-Sustainable Growth, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, and many others.
Major Examination:
• Common Research II: Features and obligations of the Union and the States, points and challenges pertaining to the federal construction, devolution of powers and funds as much as native ranges and challenges therein.
• Common Research II: Points referring to growth and administration of Social Sector/Providers referring to Well being, Training, Human Sources.
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story-Three months after its announcement, the Nationwide Medical Fee (NMC), the nation’s apex medical schooling regulator, has suspended its determination to restrict the variety of MBBS seats to 100 per 10 lakh inhabitants in each state — a transfer that will have in any other case barred all 5 southern states from growing their medical seat capability for the following educational session (2024-25).
• What was ‘MBBS seats to 100 per 10 lakh inhabitants in each state’?
• What was the controversial factor in “Pointers for undergraduate programs beneath the institution of recent medical establishments, beginning new medical programs, improve of seats for present programs, and evaluation and ranking Regulation 2023”?
• For Your Data-The regulation — titled “Pointers for undergraduate programs beneath the institution of recent medical establishments, beginning new medical programs, improve of seats for present programs, and evaluation and ranking Regulation 2023” – states that approval for brand spanking new medical faculties and a rise within the variety of MBBS seats from the following educational session could be primarily based on the seats-to-population ratio. It mainly caps the variety of undergraduate medical seats in a state to 100 per 10 lakh inhabitants.
This provision is now in abeyance and can solely be carried out for the 2025-26 educational yr, after additional stakeholder consultations occur, and till consensus will be developed on the matter. In keeping with sources, the Well being Ministry requested the NMC to rethink the transfer amidst sturdy opposition from some states.
That is amongst a slew of choices the NMC has both put in abeyance or rolled again just lately following opposition by stakeholders. Solely two-and-a-half months in the past, it placed on maintain its new pointers that made it obligatory for docs to prescribe solely generic medication, following backlash from the nation’s largest docs’ physique, the Indian Medical Affiliation (IMA), in addition to the Indian Pharmaceutical Alliance (IPA), which described the transfer as “not possible”.
The prescribed restrict of 100 seats per 10 lakh inhabitants would have allowed addition of 40,000 extra seats, however solely in states like Bihar and Jharkhand, the place there’s over 70% deficiency. This led to a backlash from states which have already exceeded the seats-to-population ratio, together with all 5 southern states.
The rationale behind capping the whole seats to 100 per 10 lakh inhabitants, in keeping with individuals within the know, was to make sure equitable distribution of assets, particularly school members, throughout the nation. This restriction would have allowed the addition of 40,000 extra MBBS seats, however solely in states corresponding to Bihar and Jharkhand, the place there’s over 70% deficiency as per the brand new seats-to-population ratio norm. That is what triggered a backlash from states which have already exceeded this ratio, leaving them ineligible for additional enlargement.
In keeping with knowledge analysed by The Indian Categorical, no less than 13 states and UTs, together with all 5 southern states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Kerala, have greater than 100 seats per 10 lakh inhabitants. The brand new NMC norm would have immediately affected them.
• Why Nationwide Medical Fee (NMC) restricted the opening of recent medical faculties in lots of states?
• How are medical faculty seats presently distributed amongst states?
• What are the brand new pointers by Nationwide Medical Fee (NMC)?
• What’s the physician to inhabitants ratio in India?
• India’s Well being Funds-Know the Statistics
• How does the pandemic affected well being companies?
• How does the affect of the pandemic on well being companies put the highlight on the advantages of digital innovation and technology-enabled options?
• How implementation of Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) united all stakeholders within the digital healthcare ecosystem?
• Public Well being Programs in India-Know the Background
• Present state of India’s well being infrastructure- What World Financial institution knowledge says?
• COVID-19 Pandemic and India’s Healthcare System-Join the dots
• Steps required to strengthen the prevailing state of Well being infrastructure in India
• What do you perceive by Common Well being Protection (UHC)?
• PM Atma Nirbhar Swasth Bharat Yojana and Ayushman Bharat Scheme-Key Highlights
• Is there any specific/implicit recognition of the precise to well being or healthcare beneath the Structure? (Trace: Directive Rules of State Coverage in Half IV of the India Structure present a foundation for the precise to well being)
• What’s Supreme Court docket of India stand on Proper to Well being?
• What’s Nationwide Medical Fee?
• What’s the function of Nationwide Medical Fee?
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GOVT & POLITICS
Navy Chief flags fragile scenario in South China Sea
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Present occasions of nationwide and worldwide significance.
Mains Examination: Common Research II: Bilateral, regional and world groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s pursuits.
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story-The delicate safety scenario within the South China Sea, along with violations of established Codes of Conduct or Confidence Constructing Measures, poses a transparent and current hazard to order at sea, Admiral R Hari Kumar mentioned Wednesday.
• What’s Indo Pacific Regional Dialogue (IPRD)?
• What’s the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI)?
• For Your Data-In keeping with PIB, the Indo-Pacific Regional Dialogue 2023 (IPRD-2023), the annual apex-level regional strategic dialogue of the Indian Navy. The three-day convention is being performed from 15 November 2023 to 17 November 2023. The overarching theme of IPRD-2023 is “Geopolitical Impacts upon Indo-Pacific Maritime Commerce and Connectivity”. This yr’s version of the IPRD builds upon the earlier one, which focussed upon ‘Operationalising the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative (IPOI)’, by particularly addressing the ‘Commerce, Connectivity and Maritime Transport’ pillar of the IPOI. Each ‘Commerce’ and ‘Maritime Transport’ are, after all, segments of maritime connectivity.
The day’s proceedings commenced with a particular deal with by Admiral Karambir Singh (Retd), Chairman of the Nationwide Maritime Basis, and former Chief of the Naval Workers. In his deal with, Admiral Singh supplied a nuanced perspective of maritime connectivity and elaborated upon its six inter-related points. He additionally prognosticated concerning the potential developments in transport and port-connectivity in his discuss. The particular deal with was adopted by the discharge of a report “India-Vietnam Dyadic Approached to Holistic Maritime Safety within the Indo-Pacific” by Admiral R Hari Kumar, Chief of Naval Workers.
In the middle of discussions that ensued within the first session, eminent panellists from Bangladesh, Canada, India, the UK and the USA, lent their experience in deliberations on particular points which included the up to date and future affect of China on maritime ports, transport, and commerce, particularly in respect of island states of the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific; the alternatives, challenges, and prognosis of the Chennai-Vladivostok hall; a comparative evaluation of ‘Flags of Comfort’ versus nationwide possession and flagging; and the challenges of ship-recycling within the Indian Ocean Area and options thereof.
• What’s the Indo-Pacific Area?
• Map Work-South China Sea
• What’s the South China Sea dispute?
• What’s the significance of the South China Sea?
• India’s Significance in Indo-Pacific Area-Brainstorm
• The Time period ‘Indo-Pacific’-What does it imply? Outline this time period in Geopolitical and in geographical context.
• Know the significance of Indo-Pacific area for India
• India’s Indo-Pacific Technique-Know in Element
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PM launches `24k-cr scheme for susceptible tribal teams
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Indian Polity and Governance-Structure, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Coverage, Rights Points, and many others.
Mains Examination:
• Common Research I: Trendy Indian historical past from concerning the center of the eighteenth century till the current important occasions, personalities, points.
• Common Research I: Social empowerment
• Common Research II: Authorities insurance policies and interventions for growth in numerous sectors and points arising out of their design and implementation
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story-Prime Minister Narendra Modi Wednesday launched a Rs 24,000-crore mission for susceptible tribal teams on the start anniversary of tribal icon Birsa Munda from Jharkhand’s Khunti district. The PM Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan is supposed to make sure last-mile welfare scheme supply and safety for Notably Susceptible Tribal Teams (PVTGs).
• PM Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan-Know key options
• Visksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra-Know key goal
• Why Janjatiya Gaurav Divas is widely known?
• Who was Birsa Munda?
• Birsa Munda’s Ulgulan-Know intimately
• Why Munda Rise up is critical?
• For Your Data-Birsa Munda was a younger freedom fighter and a tribal chief, whose spirit of activism within the late nineteenth century, is remembered to be a powerful mark of protest towards British rule in India. Born and raised within the tribal belt round Bihar and Jharkhand, Birsa Munda’s achievements are identified to be much more outstanding by advantage of the truth that he got here to accumulate them earlier than he was 25. In recognition of his affect on the nationals motion, the state of Jharkhand was created on his start anniversary in 2000.
Born on November 15, 1875, Birsa spent a lot of his childhood transferring from one village to a different together with his mother and father. He belonged to the Munda tribe within the Chhotanagpur Plateau space. He acquired his early schooling at Salga beneath the steerage of his trainer Jaipal Nag. On the advice of Jaipal Nag, Birsa transformed to Christianity with a purpose to be a part of the German Mission college. He, nonetheless, opted out of the varsity after a number of years.
The affect of Christianity was felt in the best way he got here to narrate to faith later. Having gained consciousness of the British colonial ruler and the efforts of the missionaries to transform tribals to Christianity, Birsa began the religion of ‘Birsait’. Quickly members of the Munda and Oraon neighborhood began becoming a member of the Birsait sect and it changed into a problem to British conversion actions.
In the course of the interval, 1886 to 1890, Birsa Munda spent a considerable amount of time in Chaibasa which was near the centre of the Sardars agitation. The actions of the Sardars had a powerful affect on the thoughts of the younger Birsa, who quickly turned part of the anti-missionary and anti-government program. By the point he left Chaibasa in 1890, Birsa was strongly entrenched within the motion towards the British oppression of the tribal communities.
On March 3, 1900, Birsa Munda was arrested by the British police whereas he was sleeping together with his tribal guerilla military at Jamkopai forest in Chakradharpur. He died in Ranchi jail on June 9, 1900 at a younger age of 25. Although he lived a brief span of life and the truth that the motion died out quickly after his loss of life, Birsa Munda is understood to have mobilised the tribal neighborhood towards the British and had additionally compelled the colonial officers to introduce legal guidelines defending the land rights of the tribals. Birsa’s achievements as a younger tribal revolutionary has continued to be celebrated over many years now and he has efficiently carved out an area for himself in fashionable and people literature, academia, and mass media.
• Who had been the opposite tribal freedom fighters?
• Rs 24,000-crore scheme aimed toward holistic growth of Notably Susceptible Tribal Teams (PVTG)-Know the important thing options of this scheme
• What are Notably Susceptible Tribal Teams (PVTGs)?
• For Your Data-PVTGs, earlier often known as primitive tribal teams, are a sub-classification of the Scheduled Tribes (STs) or a bit of STs who’re thought of extra susceptible than common STs. The PVTG checklist was created by the federal government with the intention to enhance on precedence the residing requirements of endangered tribal teams. In keeping with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, 75 PVTGs are unfold throughout 15 states and Union Territories.
The mission was first introduced in the course of the finances 2023-24 and is being launched forward of the Meeting elections in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Each the states have a big tribal inhabitants, with the Census 2011 pegging the ST proportion in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh at 21.1% and 30.6% respectively.
The PVTGs are the extra susceptible teams amongst tribal communities they usually often have distinctive tradition, stay in geographical isolation, and are shy of contact with different communities.
The scheme is supposed to saturate the scattered, distant and inaccessible habitations of the PVTGs with services corresponding to roads, telecom connectivity, electrical energy, secure housing, clear consuming water and sanitation, improved entry to schooling, well being and diet, and sustainable livelihood alternatives.
The 75 PVTGs, with a inhabitants of about 28 lakh, stay in 22,544 villages throughout 18 states and Union Territories in India.
The norms of sure schemes will probably be relaxed to cowl these distant habitations.
Along with the 11 interventions, saturation of different authorities schemes corresponding to PMJAY medical health insurance scheme, the Sickle Cell Illness Elimination programme, TB Elimination programme, 100% childhood immunisation, PM Surakshit Matrutva to make sure freed from value antenatal care to all ladies, PM Matru Vandana Yojana for money profit to moms, PM Poshan, and PM Jan Dhan Yojana.
• What number of notably susceptible tribal teams are there?
• Who declares PVTG in India?
• Dhebar Fee and Primitive Tribal Teams (PTGs)-Know intimately
• Highest quantity Primitive Tribal Teams (PTGs) are discovered wherein state?
• Growth of Notably Susceptible Tribal Teams (PVTGs)-Know intimately
• Notably Susceptible Tribal Teams and Schedule Tribes-Evaluate and Distinction
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THE EDITORIAL PAGE
Ease of management
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Present occasions of nationwide and worldwide significance.
Mains Examination: Common Research II: Authorities insurance policies and interventions for growth in numerous sectors and points arising out of their design and implementation.
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story-Smith Mehta Writes: After the much-debated and controversial introduction of the IT Guidelines 2021, the Ministry of Data and Broadcasting (MIB) launched the draft Broadcasting Providers (Regulation) Invoice, 2023 on November 10.
• The draft Broadcasting Providers (Regulation) Invoice, 2023-Know its key options, highlights and aims
• The Invoice proposes to scrap the Cable Tv Networks (Regulation) Act of 1995, which regulates the printed sector, in favour of unified regulation for “broadcasting, OTT, Digital Media, DTH, IPTV”-Evaluate the draft invoice with the outdated invoice
• What does the brand new draft Broadcasting Providers (Regulation) Invoice, 2023, entail?
• For Your Data-The Invoice primarily supplies regulatory provisions for numerous broadcasting companies beneath a single legislative framework. It seeks to switch the Cable Tv Networks (Regulation) Act of 1995 and different coverage pointers presently governing the broadcasting sector in India.
Furthermore, the Invoice extends its regulatory purview to embody broadcasting OTT content material, digital information and present affairs presently regulated by the IT Act, 2000. It additionally contains provisions for rising broadcasting applied sciences, in keeping with a authorities supply.
Consisting of six chapters, 48 sections and three Schedules, the Invoice supplies complete definitions for up to date broadcasting phrases together with different necessary technical phrases to be outlined within the statute for the primary time.
It introduces ‘Content material analysis committees’ for self-regulation and ‘Broadcast Advisory Council’ to “advise the central authorities on programme code and commercial code violations,” the supply mentioned.
The Invoice supplies statutory penalties like advisory, warning, censure, or financial penalties, for operators and broadcasters. Provision for imprisonment and/or fines can be there, however just for very severe offences, corresponding to acquiring registration with a false affidavit.
“Financial penalties and fines are linked to the monetary capability of the entity, making an allowance for their funding and turnover to make sure equity and fairness,” in keeping with the supply.
The Invoice goals to make broadcasting extra inclusive and accessible to individuals with disabilities. It promotes the usage of subtitles, audio descriptors, and signal language. The Invoice has a provision for appointing a “Incapacity Grievance officer”, the supply added.
It additionally has provisions for infrastructure sharing amongst broadcasting community operators and carriage of platform companies. The Invoice “streamlines the ‘Proper of Manner’ part to deal with relocation and alterations extra effectively, and establishes a structured dispute decision mechanism”.
• “The proposed Broadcasting Providers (Regulation) Invoice may amplify the erasure or the selective illustration of Indian minority communities from the favored creativeness and normalise a common Hindu identification of India”-How far you agree with the given assertion?
• Why draft Broadcasting Providers (Regulation) Invoice, 2023 is necessary?
• What are the problems and challenges with draft Broadcasting Providers (Regulation) Invoice, 2023?
• What had been the federal government insurance policies with respect to Broadcasting Regulation?
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ECONOMY
Want for World Financial institution’s governance indicators to be clear: CEA
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Present occasions of nationwide and worldwide significance.
Mains Examination: Common Research II: Necessary Worldwide establishments, businesses and fora- their construction, mandate
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story-Elevating considerations over the usage of World Financial institution’s Worldwide Governance Indicators in rankings evaluation by credit score rankings businesses, particularly for rising economies, Chief Financial Adviser V Anantha Nageswaran on Wednesday mentioned there’s a want for the World Governance Index to be extra clear and fewer subjective.
• What’s World Governance Index?
• Who printed World Governance Index?
• What are the six Worldwide Governance Indicators?
• “There’s a want for the World Governance Index to be extra clear and fewer subjective”-Talk about
• For Your Data-In keeping with Chief Financial Adviser V Anantha Nageswaran, “The World Financial institution….has one thing referred to as the World Governance Index, which sadly or happily performs a really important half in opaque and non-transparent methods within the credit standing evaluation deployed by the three credit standing businesses in assigning letter-grades to credit standing of member international locations, notably rising markets. This World Governance Index itself is a composite of a number of sub-indices, that are purely primarily based on the subjective opinions of some so-called professional establishments which do not need presence on the bottom nor do they perceive whether or not the context wherein they’re making these judgements is acceptable or apt for the member international locations. However these indices change into an necessary a part of the evaluation methodology of the credit standing businesses and they don’t reveal the extent to which these indices are implanted of their evaluation course of, the weights they carry, as a result of there appears to be qualitative overlays on high of qualitative assessments,” Nageswaran mentioned at a seminar on ‘Multilateral Establishments for the twenty first Century’ organised by the Division of Financial Affairs, Ministry of Finance.
“So, in different phrases the simplest manner wherein multilateral growth banking system will help their member international locations to entry capital for world challenges and growth wants is to make sure that their World Governance Index is clear, much less subjective and fewer arbitrary, extra suited to the context, entails participation of creating international locations, and likewise guarantee that it’s limitations are very effectively understood by the credit standing businesses,” he added.
• “Critical” methodology issues plaguing the computation of perception-based indices – corresponding to Freedom within the World Index and the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) Democracy Index – that feed into sovereign rankings through the World
Financial institution’s Worldwide Governance Indicators”-Elaborate
• Do You Know-The World Financial institution’s Worldwide Governance Indicators present a rating of 215 international locations territories primarily based on six dimensions of governance: ‘Voice and Accountability’; ‘Political Stability and Absence of Violence’; ‘Authorities Effectiveness’; ‘Regulatory High quality’; ‘Rule of Regulation’ and ‘Management of Corruption.’
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EXPLAINED
To construct tunnel, rock should be totally examined…, extra time spent on research
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Common points on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity and Local weather Change – that don’t require topic specialization.
Mains Examination: Common Research III: Catastrophe and catastrophe administration.
Key Factors to Ponder:
• What’s the continued story-An under-construction tunnel on the Yamunotri Nationwide Freeway in Uttarakhand’s Uttarkashi district collapsed at daybreak on Sunday, trapping 40 staff inside.
• What may have prompted part of the tunnel to collapse?
• For Your Data-The failure (the part that has collapsed) is positioned round 200-300 metres from the mouth of the tunnel. It may have occurred attributable to a free patch (of rock), which wasn’t seen in the course of the development. The patch might need consisted of fractured or fragile rock, that’s, rock with lots of joints that will have made it weak.
Another excuse may very well be the seepage of water by a free patch. Water erodes free rock particles over time, making a void on the highest of the tunnel, which might’t be seen. Nonetheless, these are solely normal rules, and we should anticipate the outcomes of a complete investigation on this case.
• What are the methods wherein tunnels are excavated in rock?
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• Does the tactic of excavation depend upon the kind of terrain?
• Is the Himalayan area too fragile to tunnel by?
• What’s the key facet of constructing a tunnel?
• What does it take to assemble a steady tunnel?
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